The United States has launched a major effort to strengthen its digital defences against future cyber threats posed by quantum computing, with President Donald Trump signing a new executive order that sets firm deadlines for the adoption of post-quantum cryptography across federal systems.
The move comes amid growing concerns that powerful quantum computers could eventually crack many of today’s widely used encryption methods, potentially exposing sensitive government, business and personal data. Cybersecurity experts have long warned about a future scenario known as “harvest now, decrypt later,” where attackers collect encrypted information today in the hope of breaking it once quantum technology becomes powerful enough.
Under the new directive, federal agencies will be required to accelerate their transition to post-quantum cryptography, a new generation of encryption designed to withstand attacks from quantum computers. The order establishes clear timelines for protecting critical government systems and high-value digital assets over the coming years.
The White House said the initiative is aimed at safeguarding national security, critical infrastructure and the broader digital economy. Officials warned that adversaries are investing heavily in advanced computing technologies, making it essential for the US to prepare before quantum threats become a reality.
Alongside the cybersecurity measures, the administration also unveiled a broader quantum technology strategy focused on accelerating research and development. The plan includes efforts to advance next-generation quantum computers, strengthen domestic innovation and maintain US leadership in a field increasingly viewed as strategically important.
The executive order reflects a growing recognition that quantum computing represents both an opportunity and a security challenge. While the technology promises breakthroughs in science, medicine and artificial intelligence, it could also undermine traditional cybersecurity protections if preparations are delayed.
By setting clear deadlines and accelerating the shift to quantum-resistant security, Washington hopes to stay ahead of emerging threats and ensure that critical data remains protected in the decades ahead.