Canada-based Fairfax Financial Holdings is set to take control of IDBI Bank in a landmark ₹52,878-crore deal that marks a major step in India’s banking privatisation programme. The Union Cabinet approved the sale of a 60.72% stake to a Fairfax-backed company on October 14, opening the way for a change in the bank’s ownership after years of efforts to find a buyer.
The deal, valued at around $5.56 billion, is among the largest foreign investments in India’s financial sector and the country’s biggest cross-border banking acquisition. However, the transaction is not yet complete. It requires regulatory clearance from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), and Fairfax must meet conditions linked to its existing investments in the Indian banking industry.
Under the agreement, Fairfax-backed 10955230 Canada Inc. will acquire the combined 60.72% stake held by the government and the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC). The government is selling 30.48% of its holding, while LIC will sell 30.24%.
The purchase price is ₹81 per share, above the government-assessed fair value of ₹75.99. The transaction will bring a major change to IDBI Bank’s ownership, although the government and LIC will remain shareholders after the sale.
Following the deal, the government will retain a 15% stake and LIC will hold 19%, leaving them with a combined 34% shareholding. Fairfax will become the controlling shareholder once the transaction receives the necessary approvals and is completed.
CSB Bank decision adds a new condition
One of the key challenges for Fairfax is its existing investment in Kerala-based CSB Bank, where it holds a significant stake. The Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM) has said Fairfax must either merge CSB Bank with IDBI Bank or exit one of the two lenders within two years.
The condition is intended to address the regulatory complications of Fairfax having significant interests in two Indian banks. The group will have to decide how to structure its banking operations while complying with RBI rules.
Fairfax, led by Canadian billionaire Prem Watsa, has built a substantial presence in India’s financial services market. Its investments include insurance, lending and capital-market businesses. The IDBI Bank acquisition could give the group a much larger platform, but the CSB Bank condition means it will need to make important decisions about its future strategy.
The government has also said employee service conditions and pension benefits will be protected under the new ownership arrangement. IDBI Bank will retain its existing name under the terms of the transaction, offering continuity for customers as the ownership changes.
Fairfax has also proposed transferring its stakes in Go Digit General Insurance and IIFL Capital to IDBI Bank. It holds a 49% stake in Go Digit and around 30.2% in IIFL Capital.
If the plan receives the necessary approvals, IDBI Bank could become the holding company for a broader financial services business covering banking, insurance, investment banking and wealth management. Fairfax believes the combined structure could allow it to offer customers a wider range of financial products.
The proposed arrangement would bring together IDBI Bank’s lending operations, Go Digit’s insurance business and IIFL Capital’s investment and wealth-management services. Fairfax has said the transfers would take place at market value and in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
The group has indicated that the proposed transfers would not change the governance, management or operating structures of Go Digit and IIFL Capital. Any leadership appointments linked to the broader plan would also require regulatory approval.
The proposed consolidation is separate from the immediate share purchase and remains subject to the relevant approvals. Fairfax will need to balance its ambition to build an integrated financial services group with the conditions governing its ownership of banks in India.
The privatisation effort follows a difficult period for IDBI Bank, which required repeated capital support from the government and LIC after suffering heavy losses and a rise in bad loans. The RBI placed the lender under its Prompt Corrective Action framework in 2017 because of concerns over its financial health.
The restrictions were lifted in 2021 after the bank improved, subject to conditions and continued monitoring. Its recovery has since strengthened the case for a strategic sale.
IDBI Bank’s gross non-performing asset ratio fell from nearly 32% in September 2018 to around 2.3% in March 2026. The bank had assets worth approximately ₹4.44 lakh crore as of June 2026 and operated more than 2,000 branches across India.
The sale process, first announced in 2022, faced delays after earlier bids did not meet the government’s price expectations. The process was revived after the valuation expectations were revised.
The deal also comes amid growing foreign interest in India’s financial sector, including investments involving RBL Bank, YES Bank and Shriram Finance. Strong credit demand and improved asset quality have made the market attractive to overseas investors.
For the government, the sale is part of its wider disinvestment strategy and a move towards reducing its role in commercial banking. For Fairfax, it offers a major opportunity to expand in India, but regulatory approval and the future of CSB Bank remain important hurdles.
The next stage will determine how quickly the acquisition can be completed and whether Fairfax can bring its banking, insurance and investment businesses under a wider structure. The deal could reshape IDBI Bank’s future, while also setting an important precedent for foreign investment in India’s banking sector.